Sanborn maps were created to assist fire insurance companies as they assessed the risk associated with insuring a particular property. Examples include crop production, people’s average income, or where different languages are spoken. These themes can include information about people, other organisms, or the land. These maps display distributions, or patterns, over Earth’s surface. Geologic maps show bedrock formations like granite or limestone, sediment deposited by glaciers or rivers, and structures like folds and faults.Topographic (topo) maps show physical features of a given area of land.This is useful to everyone from hikers trying to choose a route to engineers trying to determine where to build highways and dams. They show all the hills and valleys in an area. Many are topographic maps, meaning that they show changes in elevation. Geological Survey (USGS) make some general reference maps. These maps show general geographic information about an area, including the locations of cities, boundaries, roads, mountains, rivers, and coastlines. source: National Geographic Resource Library, Encyclopedic Entry: Map.Ĭartographers make many different types of maps, which can be divided into two broad categories: general reference and thematic. Some common features of maps include scale, symbols, and grids. City planners decide where to put hospitals and parks with the help of maps that show land features and how the land is currently being used. Family historians and genealogists use Sanborn fire insurance maps, originally created for fire insurance purposes, to research family background and ancestry. Hikers, backpackers, and hunters consult topographic maps to plot routes for their trips. Maps can show distributions of things over the Earth, such as settlement patterns, and exact locations of houses and streets in a neighborhood.Ĭartographers create maps for many different purposes. They teach about the world by showing sizes and shapes of countries, locations of features, and distances between places. Maps present information about the world in a simple, visual way. A map is a symbolic representation of selected characteristics of a place, usually drawn on a flat surface.
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